You are treating a patient with a blood sugar reading of 480 mg/dL and shallow breathing. What is the definitive treatment for this patient?

In a patient with a blood sugar reading of 480 mg/dL, the primary concern is hyperglycemia, which indicates significantly elevated blood glucose levels often associated with conditions like diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. The presence of shallow breathing further suggests that the patient's condition may be deteriorating, potentially due to acidosis or a lack of adequate metabolic control.

The definitive treatment for this patient involves administering insulin. Insulin is critical in facilitating the uptake of glucose by the cells, thereby lowering blood sugar levels. It helps restore normal glucose metabolism and counteracts the complications that can arise from extreme hyperglycemia, including osmotic diuresis, dehydration, and the risk of diabetic coma.

While oxygen may be necessary if the patient exhibits hypoxia and dextrose and glucagon are used for low blood sugar events (hypoglycemia), they are not suitable in this case of severe hyperglycemia. Insulin directly addresses the elevated glucose levels, making it the appropriate choice for managing this patient’s condition effectively.